Transintestinal transport of the anti-inflammatory drug 4F and the modulation of transintestinal cholesterol efflux.

Regulation of direct transintestinal cholesterol excretion in mice.

Biliary secretion is generally considered to be an obligate step in the pathway of excess cholesterol excretion from the body. We have recently shown that an alternative route exists. Direct transintestinal cholesterol efflux (TICE) contributes significantly to cholesterol removal in mice. Our aim was to investigate whether the activity of this novel pathway can be influenced by dietary factors...

Reduction of VLDL Secretion Decreases Cholesterol Excretion in Niemann-Pick C1-Like 1 Hepatic Transgenic Mice

An effective way to reduce LDL cholesterol, the primary risk factor of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, is to increase cholesterol excretion from the body. Our group and others have recently found that cholesterol excretion can be facilitated by both hepatobiliary and transintestinal pathways. However, the lipoprotein that moves cholesterol through the plasma to the small intestine for t...

Oral D-4F Causes Formation of Pre- High-Density Lipoprotein and Improves High-Density Lipoprotein–Mediated Cholesterol Efflux and Reverse Cholesterol Transport From Macrophages in Apolipoprotein E–Null Mice

Background—These studies were designed to determine the mechanism of action of an oral apolipoprotein (apo) A-I mimetic peptide, D-4F, which previously was shown to dramatically reduce atherosclerosis in mice. Methods and Results—Twenty minutes after 500 g of D-4F was given orally to apoE-null mice, small cholesterolcontaining particles (CCPs) of 7 to 8 nm with premobility and enriched in apoA-...

Role the TICE?: advancing the concept of transintestinal cholesterol excretion.

Role of HDL, ABCA1, and ABCG1 transporters in cholesterol efflux and immune responses.

Atherosclerosis has been characterized as a chronic inflammatory response to cholesterol deposition in arteries, but the mechanisms linking cholesterol accumulation in macrophage foam cells to inflammation are poorly understood. Macrophage cholesterol efflux occurs at all stages of atherosclerosis and protects cells from free cholesterol and oxysterol-induced toxicity. The ATP-binding cassette ...